The global decrease in the number and variety of plant and animal species, commonly described as a biodiversity crisis, is one of the most pressing contemporary social and political issues. To address this issue, social and political institutions have developed a wide range of national, European and global initiatives and agreements for the conservation of endangered species. Among them, zoos and aquaria, which already house various endangered species, have positioned themselves as potential contributors. One important effort in this regard is the establishment of a biobank, a repository of blood and tissue samples from various animal species in European zoos. This biobank is operated by the European zoo network EAZA and located in four different so-called “hubs”. The EAZA Biobank thereby builds a network where zoo conservation efforts crystallize, which at the same time raises the question how such a sample collection can and should contribute to species conservation. A social science project at the University of Klagenfurt aims to answer this question by studying three layers of work within and around the EAZA Biobank.